Classic St. Peter's Basilica St. John the Baptist Church, the Mother and Head Churches of the whole City and the World) in the Lateran is the cathedral of the Bishop of Rome, one of the four basilicas. In the chapel of St. John can see mosaics from the 5th century. The central entrance door to the basilica comes from the Curia next to the Roman Forum, in the vestibule you can see the statue of Constantine the Great from the term. The interior of the temple is adorned with numerous frescoes, ornamental ceiling made by Giacomo della Porta and art-cosmatic floor. You can admire the sculptures of the apostles by Bernini and the figures depicting the doctors of the Church.
Emperor Constantine the Great gave the area of the Lateran to Pope Milcjades after recognizing Christianity as a state religion. From the fourteenth to the fourteenth century was the main seat of the popes. On returning from Avignon due to the poor condition of the Lateran buildings Pope Gregory XI moved his seat to the Vatican. In the 15th-16th century the temple was completely rebuilt and in the 18th century the facade was finished. From its original shape in the church preserved Baptistery, which supposedly was baptized emperor Constantine. Because of its importance, the basilica is an extraterritorial area.
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