The museum in the Scottish Monastery occupies rooms formerly owned by the abbot of the monastery. The museum has a collection of priceless monuments of sacred art. The most important exhibits include the so-called Scottish altar, which is an example of Gothic panel painting. The panels depict the image of Vienna from around 1470, which makes the Scottish Altar the oldest preserved topographic representation of the city.
The museum also has works of Peter Paul Rubens and early Dutch landscapes. In addition to painting and sculpture, the exhibition also includes various liturgical items, furniture, books, documents and manuscripts.
Scottish Monastery, founded in 1155 and belonging to the Benedictines, is the oldest monastery in Vienna. It owes its name to Irish monks brought here by Henry II. Ireland was then known in Latin as Scotia Major, which is why the monastery was nicknamed "Scottish".