Giza is the third largest city in Egypt. It is part of the agglomeration of Cairo and is known primarily from the complex of three powerful pyramids and the Sphinx statue.
The city was founded around 2500 BC and was almost immediately chosen as the site of the necropolis of Egyptian rulers. This decision was dictated by the proximity of the then capital of the united Egypt, Memphis. Within a hundred years, a huge necropolis was built here, which belonged to the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and is now inscribed on the UNESCO list.
The Giza Pyramids are among the greatest achievements of ancient Egyptian architecture and engineering. The three most important are named after the rulers buried in them, Cheops, Chefren and Mykerinos. There are also many smaller pyramids around, some of which are largely ruined. The wives of the pharaohs and the highest officials were buried there.
In addition to the pyramids, the most recognizable monument of this necropolis is the Great Sphinx of Giza. The huge statue is considered a symbol of Egypt and is recognized throughout the world. The surroundings of the complex are a large tourist center with a bazaar, shops, restaurants and a vantage point from which you can enjoy a panoramic view of the pyramids.
