The museum is dedicated to art from the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The collection includes various types of art, incl. painting, architecture, photography, music and literature. They represent a variety of artistic trends from the turn of the century, from Impressionism to Art Nouveau. There is also an extensive collection of Art Nouveau furniture and decorative arts.
The museum houses works by both national and international artists. Among the works of Belgian artists are works by James Ensor, Fernand Khnopff, Julien Dillens and Victor Horta. In turn, among foreign surnames, it is worth mentioning Paul Gauguin, Auguste Rodin, Vincent Van Gogh and Edward Burne-Jones.
The museum is a branch of the Royal Museums of Fine Arts and is located in part of the former building of the Museum of Modern Art. It was opened in 2013.